Leonard Susskind - Theoretical Physicist

Leonard Susskind - Theoretical Physicist In 1962, Leonard Susskind earned a B.A. in physics from City College of New York after transitioning from his plan to get a degree in engineering. He earned his Ph.D. in 1965 from Cornell University. Dr. Susskind worked at Yeshiva University as an Associate Professor from 1966 to 1979, with a year at University of Tel Aviv from 1971 to 1972, before becoming a Professor of Physics at Stanford University in 1979, where he remains to this today. He was awarded the Felix Bloch Professorship of Physics since the year 2000. String Theory Insights Probably one of Dr. Susskinds most profound accomplishments is that hes credited as one of the three physicists who independently realized, back in the 1970s, that a certain mathematical formulation of particle physics interactions seemed to represent oscillating springs ... in other words, hes considered one of the fathers of string theory. He has done extensive work within string theory, including the development of a matrix-based model. Hes also responsible for one of the more recent discoveries in the exploration of theoretical physics, the holographic principle, which many, including Susskind himself, believe will provide great insights into how string theory applies to our universe. In addition, in 2003 Susskind coined the term string theory landscape to describe the set of all physically possible universes that could have come into being under our understanding of the laws of physics. (At present, this could contain as many as 10500 possible parallel universes.) Susskind is a strong proponent of applying reasoning based upon the anthropic principle as a valid means to evaluate which physical parameters its possible for our universe to have. Black Hole Information Problem One of the most troubling aspects of black holes is that when something falls into one, it is lost to the universe forever. In the terms that physicists use, information is lost ... and that isnt supposed to happen. When Stephen Hawking developed his theory that black holes actually radiated an energy known as Hawking radiation, he believed that this radiation would be insufficient to actually resolve the problem. The energy radiating out from the black hole under his theory would not contain enough information to fully describe all of the matter that fell into the black hole, in other words. Leonard Susskind disagreed with this analysis, believing quite strongly that the conservation of information was so important to the underlying foundations of quantum physics that it could not be violated by black holes. Ultimately, the work in black hole entropy and Susskinds own theoretical work in developing the holographic principle have helped to convince most physicists - including Hawking himself - that a black hole would, over the course of its lifetime, emit radiation that contained the full information about everything that ever fell into it. Thus most physicists now believe that no information is lost in black holes. Popularizing Theoretical Physics Over the last few years, Dr. Susskind has become more well-known among lay audiences as a popularizer of advanced theoretical physics topics. He has written the following popular books on theoretical physics: The Cosmic Landscape: String Theory and the Illusion of Intelligent Design (2005) - This book presents Susskinds view of how string theory predicts a vast string theory landscape and how the anthropic principle can be applied to evaluate the various physical properties of our universe against all of the assorted possibilities. This is described above in the string theory section.The Black Hole War: My Battle with Stephen Hawking to Make the World Safe for Quantum Mechanics (2008) - In this book, Susskind describes the black hole information problem (described above), framed as an intriguing narrative about a disagreement within the theoretical physics community ... one which has taken decades to resolve.The Theoretical Minimum: What You Need to Know to Start Doing Physics with George Hrabovsky (2013) - A math-based introduction to the fundamental concepts within classical mechanics, such as conservation of energy and symmetries in physical laws, which is intended to lay the groundwor k for what someone would need to know to proceed to the next level in physics. This is based on lectures that are available online, as described below. In addition to his books, Dr. Susskind has presented a series of lectures that are available online through both iTunes and YouTube ... and which provide the basis of The Theoretical Minimum. Here is a list of the lectures, in roughly the order that I would recommend viewing them, along with links to where you can view the videos for free: Classical Mechanics (YouTube) - A 10-lecture series focusing on the fundamentals of classical mechanicsThe Theoretical Minimum: Quantum Mechanics (YouTube) - A 10-lecture series that tries to understand what physicists know about quantum mechanicsSpecial Relativity (YouTube) - A 10-lecture series explaining Einsteins theory of special relativityGeneral Relativity (YouTube) - A 10-lecture series that lays out the modern theory of gravity: general relativityParticle Physics: Standard Model (YouTube) - A 9-lecture series focusing on the Standard Model of particle physicsCosmology (YouTube) - A 3-lecture series focusing on what we know and understand about the history and structure of our universeString Theory and M-Theory (YouTube) - A 10-lecture series focusing on the fundamentals of string theory and M-TheoryTopics in String Theory (YouTube) - A 9-lecture series focusing on the fundamentals of string theory and M-Theory As you may have noticed, some of the themes repeat between lecture series, such as the two different lecture sets on string theory, so you shouldnt need to watch them all if there are redundancies ... unless you really want to.

Word Order in Spanish

Word Order in Spanish The subject of word order in Spanish can be quite complex, so this lesson should be considered merely an introduction. As you study Spanish, you will encounter a wide variety of ways of ordering words in a sentence, many of them ways that are impossible or awkward in English. In general, Spanish is more flexible with its word order than English is. In both languages, a typical statement consists of a noun followed by a verb followed by an object (if the verb has an object). In English, variations from that norm are used mostly for literary effect. But in Spanish, changes in the word order can be heard in everyday conversation or seen frequently in everyday writing such as that found in newspapers and magazines. Typical Word Orders The chart below shows examples of some common ways of ordering words. Note that in many sentences the subject can be omitted if it can be understood from the context. As a beginning student, you dont need to memorize these word-order possibilities, but you should be familiar with these common schemes so you dont trip over them when you come across them. Type Order Example Comment Statement Subject, verb Roberto estudia. (Roberto is studying.) This word order is extremely common and can be considered the norm. Statement Subject, verb, object Roberto compr el libro. (Roberto bought the book.) This word order is extremely common and can be considered the norm. Statement Subject, object pronoun, verb Roberto lo compr. (Roberto bought it.) This word order is extremely common and can be considered the norm. Object pronouns precede conjugated verbs; they can be attached at the end of infinitives and present participles. Question Question word, verb, subject Dnde est el libro? (Where is the book?) This word order is extremely common and can be considered the norm. Exclamation Exclamatory word, adjective, verb, subject Qu linda es Roberta! (How beautiful Roberta is!) This word order is extremely common and can be considered the norm. Many exclamations omit one or more of these sentence parts. Statement Verb, noun Sufren los nios. (The children are suffering.) Placing the verb ahead of the noun can have the effect of placing more emphasis on the verb. In the sample sentence, the emphasis is more on the suffering than who is suffering. Statement Object, verb, noun El libro lo escribi Juan. (John wrote the book.) Placing the object at the beginning of the sentence can have the effect of placing more emphasis on the object. In the sample sentence, the emphasis is on what was written, not who wrote it. The pronoun lo, although redundant, is customary in this sentence construction. Statement Adverb, verb, noun Siempre hablan los nios. (The children are always talking.) In general, Spanish adverbs are kept close to the verbs they modify. If an adverb starts a sentence, the verb frequently follows. Phrase Noun, adjective la casa azul y cara (the expensive blue house) Descriptive adjectives, especially ones that describe something objectively, usually are placed after the nouns they modify. Phrase Adjective, noun Otras casas (other houses); mi querida amiga (my dear friend) Adjectives of number and other nondescriptive adjectives usually precede the noun. Often, so do adjectives being used to describe something subjectively, such as to impart an emotional quality to it. Phrase Preposition, noun en la caja (in the box) Note that Spanish sentences can never end in a preposition, as is commonly done in English. Command Verb, subject pronoun Estudia t. (Study.) Pronouns are often unnecessary in commands; when used, they nearly always immediately follow the verb. Sample Sentences Demonstrating Spanish Word Order The sentences below  are examples of Spanish as it is most commonly ordered: La atencià ³n a los recià ©n llegados es un reto para las Fuerzas de Seguridad. (Attention to the recently arrived is a challenge for the Security Forces. Here the word order is almost to what you would find in English.) Diagnostican por error una gripe a una joven y terminan amputndole la pierna. (They diagnosed the flu by mistake in a boy and ended up amputating his leg. Here the phrase por error, meaning by mistake, is kept closer to the verb, diagnostican, than it would be in English.) Un coche blanco ser ms fresco en verano. (A white car will be cooler in summer. The adjective blanco, meaning white, comes after the word for car, coche, not before.)  ¿Dà ³nde estn las oportunidades? (Where are the opportunities? In simple questions, English and Spanish word order can be identical.) Es importante que me diga con quià ©n saliste. (It is important that you tell me who you left with. The pronoun object me, me in English, comes before diga, you left,  the reverse of English. And while the English sentence ends with the preposition with, in Spanish con must come before the word here for who, quià ©n.) Key Takeaways Although word order in Spanish is often similar to that of English, Spanish can be more flexible.Among the key differences are  that descriptive adjectives usually follow nouns, and Spanish sentences cannot end in a preposition.Spanish adverbs usually are placed next to or very close to the words they modify.

Human Resources Management Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Human Resources Management - Assignment Example As a result of which the position and status of women in the workplaces are changing at a rapid pace as compared to previous days. Apart from this, due to the introduction of the law of schooling of girls and women in the year 1767, the craze for education and schooling enhanced thereby amplifying the talent of women segment. As a result of which, the typical house-wives of recent age are not expected to spin, cook or sew rather to perform their assigned duties effectively in a workplace. By doing so, the inner knowledge and morale of the female segment is amplifying thereby strengthening their bases more efficiently as compared to previous age. So, the intensity of various crimes is also reducing at a significant extent as compared to previous days. This proved extremely effective for the female segment of the society thereby amplifying their position and fame in the entire globe among others. Moreover, as the female segment of the society is attaining high level of education, so bo th the segments (males or females) might easily apply for a particular job in a workplace. And as a result, the degree of professional integration between male and female segments enhanced thereby declining the inequality of wages and positions as well. Along with this, the unemployment gap within male and female segments of the society reduced significantly resulting in amplification of their living standard and life style. Thus, it might be predicted that due to the enhancement of the earning members of the families, the status and living style also improved Therefore, due to the presence of educational skills and knowledge, females or women continue to hold the leadership position both in public and private sector as compared to males. As a result of which, the supremacy of women is quite similar as compared to males in both public and private workplaces. So, it helped almost 70% of the female segment of the society to become educated and employed thereby offering approximately 3 /4th of the total amount expense of a family. Just like award-winning corporate lawyer named Franci Blassberg is also one of the best examples of a female, who became successful in positioning itself in this male dominated world. As a result, the dominance and status of female segments enhanced resulting in amplification of its popularity and control. It became possible only due to the inner morale and confidence of the Franci Blassberg to flight against the complications and obstacles of males in the world. Other than this, due to the presence of effective communication skills and problem solving nature, Franci Blassberg is now recognized as one of the most efficient and talented lawyer among many others. Not only this, decision making attitude as well as action taking nature acted as the backbone for Franci Blassberg that enhanced her position and expertise among many others. Therefore, it might be clearly depicted that the self awareness, confidence, experience and responsible ch aracter are some of the most essential weapons of the women’s of today’s era. And without the help of these characteristic features, a woman may not sustain or retain her position in this corporate world among the males. Along with this, exact vision and task completion nature is also extremely essential for a woman like Franci Blassberg to retain her portfolio in her workplace thereby amplifying her image and craze among